The case coach

Four everyday capstone reasoners — pick a tab. Each is a real decision worked the way that person would: you decide, the consequence is realistic, then you reflect. Not mascots; the ideas made human.

A real case · you decide

Dr. Reyes — the fair examiner

Dr. Reyes — chairs the capstone defence panel

The idea in play: a defence probes understanding, never gotcha.

A candidate has just claimed their recommendation is the best one. As chair, you decide how the panel questions it.

A trick question can trip up a student who genuinely did the work — and let a rehearsed answer slide. That is the opposite of what a defence is for.

Dr. Reyes has one move she repeats: after any claim, “why — and how do you know?” Never a trap; always a door back into the student’s own reasoning.

How should the panel question the candidate?

The candidate stalls on a big question. What does Dr. Reyes do?

The best defences are not survived — they are entered. Dr. Reyes proves your project by helping you explain it, one honest “why” at a time.

Build your mock defence →

A real case · you decide

Mara — the process-keeper

Mara — keeps a running log of every capstone decision, dead end, and change of mind

The idea in play: the value is the documented process, kept from day one — the AI-proof evidence.

You just hit a messy dead end three weeks into your project. You can record it now, or tidy the story up later.

Classmates tease Mara — “it’s just a notebook.” Then the defence comes, and she can say exactly when and why every choice happened.

The others can only say “it just… came together” — and a panel cannot tell whether that means insight or outsourcing.

What should you do with the messy middle of the project?

Mara’s process portfolio IS her defence. The mess she kept is the proof the work was hers — which is why no tool can hand it to anyone.

Practise documenting the process →

A real case · you decide

Tomas — the honest AI-user

Tomas — used an AI tool to brainstorm angles — and wrote down exactly how

The idea in play: disclosed AI use is integrity, not policing — the AI-use ledger.

You used an AI tool to list possible driving questions and to check your grammar. Now you decide what to say about it.

Tomas chose and narrowed the questions himself; the final argument and every source are his. He wants his own name on what is actually his.

A vague claim invites suspicion; silence invites a false accusation. A specific line does neither — it draws the exact border between help and his own thinking.

How should Tomas handle the AI help in his write-up?

Tomas’s ledger does not weaken his capstone — it is what lets him defend it with a straight face. Owning your process is the point.

Practise the AI-use ledger →

A real case · you decide

Selin — the probing follow-up

Selin — the study partner who never lets a first answer stand

The idea in play: the why-chain that separates recall from real understanding.

A partner says their capstone is “about climate.” You can accept that, or push one more question.

Selin’s move: “Which part of climate? For whom? So what?” Three questions in, a vague topic becomes a real driving question — or reveals it was never one.

She does the same to her own ideas before anyone else can — so her questions get sharper and her critiques get kinder.

Your partner’s topic is “about climate.” What do you do?

Selin rehearses the defence long before it happens — by asking her own ideas the questions a panel eventually will. A sharp question is half a finished capstone.

Practise sharpening a question →